Hungarian-Style Soft Fascism is the GOP’s Ruthless New Brand
The GOP believes to their core that by the end of 2024 they can do to America what Viktor Orbán did to Hungary – and therefore never again face serious political opposition: will it work?
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While it’s fashionable in some circles to compare Donald Trump and the modern-day GOP to Hitler or Mussolini and their fascist movements from the 1930s, what’s happening on the international stage right now is actually somewhat different and, once in power, far harder to stop or overthrow. Call it “soft fascism” or neofascism.
The problem with the old fascism was that it was too brutal and militaristic: it offended voters’ democratic sensibilities, killed way too many people, and caused nearby nations to respond militarily to its perceived threat.
This softer and gentler system, neofascism, still employs many of the same political and rhetorical tools old-fashioned fascists used to gain power, including white supremacy, ultranationalism, and a general embrace of neoliberal crony capitalism.
But it does all of them within a more populist wrapper, seemingly driven from the ground up, and acquiring elected power by manipulation of social media; crony-owned “news” outlets and talk radio; buying off politicians (legalized by conservatives on the Supreme Court in 2010); and subtly rigging electoral systems with devices like voter-roll purges (legalized by conservatives on the Supreme Court in 2018) and voter suppression.
Neofascists are committed to the core neoliberal tenant of, as Steve Bannon repeatedly says, “Deconstructing the administrative state”: taking down the protective and supportive powers of government to increase the predatory power of rogue police, the morbidly rich, and the corporations that made them that way.
They still use the race-baiting tactics of classic fascists, but do so in ways that are more socially acceptable than building death camps or pushing people out of helicopters. They wrap themselves in the flag, use slogans hearkening to the country’s founding, rail against nonwhite refugees and immigrants instead of nonwhite citizens, and their violence is more in-the-streets-theatrical (at least for the moment) and thus easier to dismiss.
This new neofascism was pioneered in the modern era by Viktor Orbán in Hungary, who came to power in 1998 (and again in 2010) as a populist after the fall of the Soviet Union liberated his nation.
Steve Bannon celebrated Orbán as “Trump before Trump,” and Casey Michel on the NBC News site Think noted: “From targeting migrants to inflaming an ethnonationalist base, from attacking the press to whipping up nativist conspiracies, from ushering in unprecedented corruption to tearing down basic democratic protections, Trumpism is increasingly indistinguishable from Orbánism.”
Tucker Carlson recently did his Fox “News” show from Orbán’s Hungary and had Orbán on as a guest, all but offering him a full-body massage during the commercial breaks. The show was considered a high-water mark for the network by the conservative press, which hailed Orbán as a man with “liberty-oriented values that don't veer into anarchy, strong principles, and a healthy nationalism.”
And now the GOP is looking to Hungary as an entirely new governing model for America.
For example, Ronald Reagan gave the keynote address to the first Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in 1974, and I did my show debating conservatives live at their annual conference in DC every year for about a decade. Every Republican president since Reagan has keynoted the conference at least once.
But that was yesterday’s CPAC; they just announced, around the same time Mike Pence gave a speech in Hungary last month fulsomely praising Orbán, that their 2022 meeting will be held in Budapest, Hungary rather than the United States.
Here’s why:
When Orbán first campaigned for Prime Minister, he ran on a slogan of making “Hungary great again,” strengthening Christianity, and building a wall across Hungary’s southern border to keep out nonwhite, Muslim Syrian refugees (a promise he kept: the wall is done and heavily patrolled).
Once Orbán again took power, his party altered the nation’s constitution to do something like what we’d call gerrymandering, ensuring that they’d forever have a parliamentary majority. He also packed Hungary’s courts, so any challenges to his power or policies simply die.
Women in Hungary have been marginalized since Orbán came to power, both in business and in government. As the Hungarian Spectrum notes: “According to him, Hungarian politics is built on ‘continual character assassination,’ which creates the kinds of brutal situations that ‘women cannot endure.’” As noted in The Guardian in 2018: “Orbán’s Fidesz party and its coalition partners the Christian Democrats have 133 MPs between them, of whom just 11 are women.”
He has increasingly turned Hungary into a place of refuge for corrupt oligarchs and neofascists from other nations, most famously granting “asylum to convicted felon and former Prime Minister of Macedonia Nikola Gruevski” in 2018. (One wonders if Trump is getting a visa? As NBC News notes, “In many ways, Trump and Orbán are birds of an autocratic feather.”)
Prime Minister Orbán has taken a separate part of the Hungarian security apparatus and turned it into his own personal, private police force, much as it is alleged Trump did with members of ICE or the Border Patrol.
The nation’s business scene has almost entirely been taken over by Orbán’s corrupt buddies, who’ve become fabulously wealthy oligarchs now controlling every commercial and manufacturing sector worth any significant value.
While there’s still an independent press in Hungary, which lets Orbán and the American Republican Party claim Hungary is still a democracy, all the major outlets and networks are owned by Orbán cronies so the opposition press is tiny and marginalized.
Orbán has declared war on science, dismantling the Hungarian Science Academy and declaring that climate change is “left-wing trickery made up by Barack Obama.”
Last month Hungary passed laws requiring “conservative” sex education in schools (“gay is bad”) and banning any positive portrayal of LGBTQ people on TV. In public campaigns they’ve conflated homosexuality with pedophilia. This latest anti-gay law passed the Hungarian Parliament by a vote of 157 to 1.
In the ultimate in neoliberal privatization, he is now setting up a shadow government, creating private organizations he controls that are starting to take on many government functions regardless of who controls Hungary in the future. Elections will soon be largely meaningless.
Many Americans did a double-take when seven Republican US Senators visited Moscow on July 4th, 2018 and gushed to President Putin that, as Alabama’s Senator Richard Shelby told him, “I’m not here today to accuse Russia of this or that or so forth.” But now, just three years later, the GOP has largely abandoned Putin’s Russia as a political inspiration or exemplar.*
Orbán’s neofascist Hungary is now, if not officially then certainly unofficially, the model for the neofascist Trumpist movement that’s seized the American Republican Party.
Bannon’s new call, made just last week, for “shock troops” of “pre-trained teams” to seize control of America after the 2024 election so there’s no turning back like last year is eerily reminiscent of Orban’s return to power in Hungary in 2010 when he essentially did the same thing, giving his party control of the voting process nationally.
Hungarian-style soft fascism is now the GOP’s brand and they’re doubling down on it, believing to their core that by the end of 2024 they can do to America what Orbán did to Hungary — and therefore never face consequences or serious political opposition ever again.
* The group of 7 Republican senators and 1 House member, included:
Sen. Richard Shelby (R-Ala.), Steve Daines (R-Mont.), John Thune (R-S.D.), John Kennedy (R-La.), Jerry Moran (R-Kan.), John Hoeven (R-N.D.), and Rep. Kay Granger (R-Texas).
I object to the use of "populist" as ANYTHING related to the right-wing authoritarians like Orbán, Bolsonaro, Duterte, LePen, Trump, etc. They are nativists; they are bigots; they are charlatans; they are crooks; they are _______________. But they are NOT populists. You know very well that Populism originated in the US as a reaction to the trusts (AKA monopolies) that were abusing farmers and share croppers across the South, the southern Great Plains, the Midwest, etc. The Populists were inclusive and non-racist. The term comes from that movement. They were a democratic movement that is pretty much the exact opposite of the nativist charlatans and authoritarians you are referring to. In his attempt to clarify but justify his constant use of the term, even Jan-Werner Müller declares that "Populists were not populists".
In my opinion, using the term in this way demeans the Populist democracy movement that joined with the labor movement and led to the Progressive era of the early 20th century.
We read something like this which is so accurate and comprehensive, so enlightening and brilliantly presented with historical and contemporary facts and revelations and are mystified how others could read it and reject its premises, without offering a coherent argument (because none exists). Or more often, those who would benefit most from the information would not deign to consider reading such a piece. They presume to know something we do not.
I sent the rant to three “conservative” relatives with the expectation that they would not read more than a small part of the article. One responded with a cryptic comment indicating that Thom doesn’t live in the real world. I do not anticipate a positive response, if any, from the other two or a response that argues on the merits. Just more talking points and inane gibberish.
The question of how the minds of the people can be changed who have fallen prey to the influence of foreign bots or to the misinformation, fear mongering, and reactionary propaganda from the right-wing was apparently being discussed with a caller when I tuned in late one day last week. I missed all but the last few seconds. But the consensus seemed to be that we all have a strong tendency to resist ideas and beliefs which conflict with those which have become ingrained in our minds, irrespective of rationality. None of us, unless extremely fickle and indecisive is usually amenable to easily changing core beliefs and attitudes about politics, philosophy, religion, etc. That is a reality which presents a true challenge.
The mind is a constellation. Core beliefs are much, much more than specific articulable opinions. We do not simply have a unitary position on something such as abortion, “fiscal responsibility”, welfare, authoritarianism, or this or that foreign policy which is not correlated within a large phenomenological field. Whether a person has thought about all the possible arguments for and against a particular position, or whether they merely assume a posture relative to “conservative” versus “liberal”, an incalculable number of factors from years or decades of input have undoubtedly affected their statements or sentiments at any given point in time.
The really tricky part is that we cannot possibly ever be fully aware of the origins of, or unrecognized, unrecorded, and invisible aspects of our beliefs and feelings about anything. There is the rational, the irrational, and then there is the “a-rational” or non-rational which cannot be easily translated into words.
There is reason to believe that over 90% of cognitive activity occurs below the level of consciousness. That is, we have mental or cognitive activity that is NOT part of an internal mind conversation employing logic, verbal language, debate about factors or variables, or other traceable thoughts which we might recall and reflect upon at a later time. I believe this 90% estimate is in a commonly accepted range among neuroscientists and psychologists now.
The list is long. We arrive at a place, which is identifiable as an opinion or “view” with respect to any controversy or decision-point only as a consequence of innumerable perceptions, sensations, experiences, emotions, auditory or visual or other inputs, and deeply internal affectations involving memory and impressions, and even modified by chemical or hormonal substances in the brain and body. These varied influences or factors are part of a continuous process, which may be interrupted or diverted and altered by scheduled and unscheduled events, further complicating the picture.
The need to change hearts and minds or the goal of persuading people to abandon foolish, irrational, and often self-defeating or destructive beliefs confounds the most accomplished experts and scientists. Over enough time and with a heroic effort to engage someone and to earn their trust, it is possible to reprogram, de-radicalize, or “educate” / “re-educate” a person. But don’t hold your breath.
Media can play a hugely important part in bringing sanity and accurate information to more people. Free Speech TV is a national treasure. Social media can be a potent force for good under certain conditions. Citizen activists and people spreading their own personal messages and setting examples should not be underestimated.
However, most of us are not swayed by good arguments and solid facts from the other camp when we have come to identify too strongly with a camp or side. Credibility is not granted anymore on the same bases as in the past. People often carefully avoid exposure to viewpoints that they expect to be contrary to those they are most in tune with or familiar with, regardless of the source.
It would be easy to advise not to waste one’s breath or one’s time. Arguing with most of the people who are die-hard reactionaries, conservatives, or Trump supporters may indeed be futile. Still, if one has maintained a strong commitment to progressive values and immersed oneself in the language and logic with respect to facts, policy, and history, keeping up with literature, videos, and material produced by the indefatigable wizards such as Thom, you can make it quite difficult for anyone to demonize, disrespect, or demoralize you.
Good is supposed to triumph over evil. We may soon see if that is true. Trump got banned from his social media platforms. Alec Jones lost to the Newtown parents. Sydney Powell, et al, got slapped down by a judge, and Dominion is very likely to prevail against Fox, OAN, and others. If Trump and others are indicted and the Jan. 6th commission moves with all due speed to dismantle the conspiracy which remains, and if Democrats turn out in droves in November 2022, enough wind might be taken out of the sails of the extremists and fascists to allow a reset.
Marching in the streets is a necessity. Letters the editor or to legislators and others can make a difference. The battle is always uphill, and unceasing vigilance is necessary. However, the only way to adequately prepare for the future is to increase consciousness and awareness and the only way to do that long-term is to alter the way we indoctrinate students.