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Thank you for the history lesson. I didn’t remember that some schools actually closed rather than integrate. Georgia didn’t close our schools but it took years to follow the law. My brother was a senior in 1970 and there were three black students in his class. Republicans are going to destroy our way of life unless we get out and vote to stop them!

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Virginia shut down its public schools for a time after the decision in “Brown v. Board of Education,” and a movement began among Black students to reopen and integrate the public schools. The school segregation issue is one of the many negative outgrowths of residential segregation. Public schools in some Southern states like Alabama and Mississippi have largely been left to become schools primarily for Black students, while white parents who can afford it send their kids to private academies. Pat Conroy covered the topic in his novel “The Prince of Tides,” and I think President Biden has realized that his earlier positions on the topic were untenable.

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The irony is that the integrated schools in Fairfax County are the best in the state of Virginia.

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Chicago does not look any better than a city in a southern state when it comes to housing and school integration.

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This is correct, and my intention isn’t to imply segregation was a problem in the south only. I addressed the southern states school issues as this is where the whole concept of massive resistance started. The north had some significant educational desegregation cases, including the South Boston cases, as well as Milliken v. Bradley in Michigan, which put a limit on how far courts were willing to go to desegregate.

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I understand that segregation was a movement in the south, but in Chicago it was a movement too. Call it parochial education. In terms of desegregation actions like in Boston, the courts decided a while ago that Deseg is over, and statistically we are now no better off than we were before desegregation. So, my mom has a point about the USA. Not integrating people into a community in all of its institutions is a problem, and not what makes America great! https://www.npr.org/2022/07/14/1111060299/school-segregation-report

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My colleague and I used the book, The Parker Inheritance by Varian Johnson to teach about school segregation and segregation in general to our fourth grade students.

https://varianjohnson.com/books/the-parker-inheritance/story-behind-parker-inheritance/

Our private school, predominantly White and Asian students loved the story, which we discussed in book clubs, along with reading aloud, The Promise of Change by Jo Anne Allen Boyce and Debbie Levy, a novel in verse about Jo Anne's experiences integrating a high school in Tennessee. https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/40046144

Ms. Boyce even zoomed into our classes to discuss her book and experiences. The children appreciated the story, which deals with a lot of issues and is a mystery. They also liked its intersectionality as per comments in their discussion preparation. This tied into social studies on the question of The Meaning of Race, and a year long study of children's novels with characters from different backgrounds and time periods. Teaching these books has made me very aware of segregation in housing and schools. When my mother came to this country from Nazi Germany, she was shocked at the self-righteousness of Americans when she saw so much racism. She told me that it is the reason that we do not have the good social supports that European countries have, because racist White Americans would rather have no one have these social supports than allow Blacks to have them. Given over 100 years after slavery has ended we still have a two tiered society, dominated by White Supremacy, it does not look good. The current supreme court does not help.

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I vividly remember the 82nd Airborne being deployed to integrate Little Rock High School, and later went to university with a Captain who had been an enlisted member of the 82nd, he mentioned how scary it was.

What I remember most is the Irish (well mostly Irish) of Boston, during the anti busing boycott

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